How do ostriches sleep

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Sleep Med Rev. Role of the cholinergic mechanisms of the ventrolateral preoptic area of the hypothalamus in regulating the state of sleep and waking in pigeons. Neurosci Behav Physiol. Deep sleep or slow wave sleep SWS is characterized by large, slow waves in the EEG, and rapid eye movement REM sleep as small, fast waves, an activated pattern similar to that occurring during wakefulness.

REM sleep is also associated with rapid eye movements and reduced muscle tone. But how did these states come to be? That is the question the two Max Planck researchers sought to answer. Unfortunately the brain activity that defines these states does not fossilize, so in order to study how these states evolved one must study living animals as representatives for extinct forms. Like mammals, birds also engage in SWS and REM sleep, but until now it has been unknown if birds share a similar pattern of sleep evolution to the one inferred for mammals.

They equipped six females originating from an ostrich farm in Free State in South Africa with electrodes in order to measure brain activity using EEG, as well as eye movements and muscle tone. Remarkably, the brain activity of sleeping ostriches was reminiscent of that observed in sleeping monotremes.

That is, ostriches periodically entered a REM sleep state characterized by rapid eye movements and reduced muscle tone; however, instead of an EEG consisting only of REM sleep-related activation, the EEG would flip between waves of the two sleep states. Largest study of its kind reveals the way relative brain size of mammals changed over the last million years. The same brain area is activated for understanding signs as for understanding spoken language.

Many publications by Max Planck scientists in were of great social relevance or met with a great media response. We have selected 13 articles to present you with an overview of some noteworthy research of the year. Researchers use connectomic mapping in the developing cortex to uncover the developmental wiring rules for inhibitory neurons.

Homepage Newsroom Research News Ostriches sleep like platypuses. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Sign In or Create an Account. Sign In. Advanced Search. Search Menu. Article Navigation. Close mobile search navigation Article Navigation. Volume Article Contents Abstract. Concluding Remarks. Author contributions. Disclosure Statement.

Sleep in ostrich chicks Struthio camelus. Corresponding authors. Email: olyamin ucla. Email: jsiegel ucla. Oxford Academic. Google Scholar. Anton S Kibalnikov. Votvete Veterinary Center. Jerome M Siegel. Revision received:. Corrected and typeset:. Select Format Select format. Permissions Icon Permissions. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail journals.